Full Self-Driving (Supervised)

FSD bundles Tesla's full Autopilot suite plus the city-streets stack. With FSD engaged a Tesla can:

• Steer, accelerate, and brake on highways and city streets.
• Navigate on Autopilot — take freeway interchanges and off-ramps to a destination.
• Automatically change lanes for routing or speed.
• Recognize and respond to traffic lights and stop signs.
• Make unprotected left and right turns at intersections.
• Park itself (Autopark) and reverse out of spots (Park Seek / Smart Summon).
• Actually Smart Summon: move the car to you in a parking lot from the app.

Throughout, FSD is Supervised. The driver-monitoring camera plus the steering-wheel torque sensor enforce attention; ignore the prompts and Tesla suspends FSD access for that drive (and repeated strikes can suspend access for the week).

Since 2021 Tesla has shipped Tesla Vision — a camera-only perception stack with no radar and, on newer cars, no ultrasonic sensors. The bet: cameras plus large neural networks can do everything a human driver does with two eyes.

• HW3 (Autopilot 3.0): shipped 2019 in nearly every Model 3/Y and most Model S/X. Custom Tesla FSD chip, ~144 TOPS.
• HW4 (AI4): began rolling out in 2023 on Model S/X, then Model Y and Cybertruck. New higher-resolution cameras and an order-of-magnitude more compute. As FSD models grow, HW4 cars get the newest builds first.
• In April 2026, Elon Musk publicly confirmed that HW3 cars cannot reach Unsupervised FSD. Tesla has said it will address HW3 owners who purchased FSD outright — details of any retrofit or compensation program have not been finalized as of mid-2026. Confirm current policy with Tesla before purchase.

FSD v12 (rolled out widely in 2024) replaced ~300,000 lines of hand-written C++ driving logic with a single end-to-end neural network — video in, steering/throttle/brake out. The system learns to drive by watching millions of hours of curated human driving video.

FSD v13, released in late 2024 on HW4 cars, brought a roughly 5–6× increase in miles between necessary interventions versus late-v12, plus faster reactions and smoother launches. FSD v14 followed on HW4 in 2025 with park-to-park capability, reinforcement- learning-trained models, and selectable driving profiles.

On June 29, 2026, Tesla began rolling out FSD v14 "Lite" (firmware 2026.20.5.1) to HW3 cars — the first major FSD update for the ~4 million HW3 vehicles that had been frozen on v12.6 since early 2025. v14 Lite distills HW4's v14 intelligence down to run on HW3's compute budget, unlocking reinforcement-learning behaviors and offline model improvements on the older hardware.

In the United States, FSD (Supervised) is now offered as a subscription only. Tesla discontinued the one-time purchase option on February 14, 2026, retiring the previous $8,000 buy-it-forever tier for new orders.

• Subscription: $99/month, cancel anytime. Tied to the vehicle, billed through your Tesla account.
• Existing cars that previously had FSD purchased outright keep the feature — the change applies to new activations.

Pricing has changed multiple times in the past few years. Always confirm the current price on tesla.com/fsd before subscribing.

Ohio is FSD-friendly. The state has had an autonomous-vehicle framework since Governor Kasich's Executive Order 2018-04K and the DriveOhio program, and the Ohio Department of Transportation actively works with AV developers. As a Level 2 driver-assist, FSD (Supervised) is legal to use on any road where its operating design domain applies — the driver is the licensed operator and is responsible for the vehicle.

Where Ohio members consistently report FSD shines: long I-71, I-75, I-77, I-80, and I-90 corridor drives, Columbus and Cincinnati surface streets, and stop-and-go traffic around Cleveland. Where to stay extra-alert: snow-covered lane markings in winter, construction zones along ODOT projects, and roundabouts (Tesla has been steadily improving roundabout handling — your mileage will vary by build).

FSD (Supervised) is not autonomous driving. You are driving. Keep your hands on the wheel, eyes on the road, and be ready to take over at any moment. The "(Supervised)" label is not legal hedging — Tesla, NHTSA, and Ohio law all treat the human as the driver.

Tesla publishes a quarterly Vehicle Safety Report showing miles-per-crash with and without Autopilot/FSD engaged; both numbers have consistently run multiple times safer than the US average. That's an aggregate trend, not a guarantee for any individual drive.